With increased blood pressure (blood pressure) or hypertension, as prescribed, retirement people have to endure, although recently, the disease has become increasingly appearing among young people.At the same time, people often do not doubt a serious problem, many people write headaches about poor sleep or bad weather.The lack of high pressure treatment can lead to the development of stroke, heart attack.Therefore, in order to promptly detect the disease, it is necessary to study in detail the main causes of hypertension.
What is hypertension
Arterial hypertension (hypertension), hypertension or hypertension is a serious chronic disease, characterized by persistent hypertension (while the pressure indicators on the center collect is higher than 140 mm Hg and the pressure below 90 mm Hg).Hypertension is the most common disease of the cardiovascular system.The increased blood pressure in the vessels occurs due to narrowing of their arteries and small branches - arteries.
The value of blood pressure depends on the peripheral resistance, the elasticity of the vessels.With the stimulation of receptors in the hypothalamus, with larger quantities, the lenin-ankiotensin-aldosterone hormones cause micro and arteries, thickening their walls, increased blood viscosity begins to be created.This leads to the appearance of arterial hypertension, eventually becoming unprecedented and stable.There are two types of high pressure:
- Essential (main).These are 95% of hypertension cases.The reason for the appearance of this form is all different factors (genetics, poor ecological, excess weight).
- Middle.Accounting for 5% of hypertension cases.High blood pressure in this form is caused by disorders in the body (kidneys, liver, heart disease).
The initial stage of the disease or its hidden course may be suspected if a person is recorded:
- Memory impairment;
- headache;
- The feeling of anxiety is not motivated;
- cold;
- hyperhidrosis (increased sweat);
- Small spots in front of the eyes;
- numbness of the finger;
- Hypertension (red) of the skin of the front area;
- heart rate;
- uncomfortable;
- Low performance;
- Face swelling in the morning.
Causes of hypertension
With the normal function of the body, the heart controls the blood through all the vessels, providing nutrients and oxygen to the cells.If the arteries lose their elasticity or clogs, the hearts start to work stronger, the tone of the blood vessels increases and their diameter is narrowed, leading to high pressure.The beginning of hypertension is due to the disorders of the central autonomous nervous system and nervous system, which is closely related to emotions.Therefore, when a person is worried, he often starts to increase pressure.
After 60 years, the development of arterial hypertension is associated with the appearance of atherosclerosis (chronic artery) when the overlapping cholesterol arrays of normal blood flow.In this case, the above pressure in patients may increase to 170 mm Hg.Art., And the bottom is still less than 90 mm Hg.Art.In addition, many doctors determine the general cause of arterial hypertension:
- violating blood circulation of all important organs;
- Excessive psychology;
- Export muscles of the neck vertebra;
- Genetic disease;
- Reduce elasticity, thicken blood vessels;
- Hypokinsesia (sedentary lifestyle);
- hormonal changes;
- Disease of internal organs (liver, kidney).
- Excessive salt consumption;
- bad habits.
In men
The appearance of hypertension, as a rule, suffered from men from 35 to 50 years old.High blood pressure is diagnosed in patients who have stable disease.This is due to the fact that men ignore the first signs of the disease.Usually the causes of high blood pressure in half of mankind are agitated by their work.The disease affects people with activity related to physical and mental stress.The workers are responsible for the disease, whose mistakes are always a strong tension.Other causes of hypertension in men:
- Smoking, alcohol abuse;
- Sedentary lifestyle;
- Do not comply with nutritional rules (fast food, sweets);
- Renal disease (glomerulonephritis, pyelonephritis, uroluria);
- Take drugs (drugs from colds, colds, sleeping pills or hormones);
- neglect physical activity;
- Problems with blood vessels (atherosclerosis);
- Injury of the central nervous system (central nervous system).
In women
Symptoms of manifestations of arterial hypertension in women and men are not particularly different (shortness of breath, headache, ears in the ears, dizziness), but weaker sex is more likely to experience such a disease.The cause of hypertension in women may be different from the same in men and this is hormone.There are even such diseases that are not a strong gender characteristics - this is hypertension for menopause and during pregnancy.
As a rule, in women, hypertension is diagnosed during menopause (after 45 - 50 years).The body at this time undergo significant changes: the number of estrogen produced begins to sign contracts.In addition, the cause of hypertension in women may be as follows:
- receive contraceptive measures;
- Stress, overload;
- Not enough potassium in the body;
- hypoglycemia (sedentary lifestyle);
- excess body weight;
- Poor nutrition;
- giving birth;
- bad habits (alcoholism, smoking);
- Diabetes;
- Cholesterol metabolism;
- Pathology of kidney, adrenal gland;
- vascular disease;
- Conclusion syndrome (respiratory extraction).
At the young age
Hypertonic's disease is rarely observed in people under the age of 25.Usually the hypertension at young age is associated with neuropathy (a complex of disorders of the cardiovascular system), when there are only the above pressure index changing.The cause of these violations in children can be a large load in classes.In most cases, high blood pressure in children is the result of the pathology of the endocrine system, that is, hypertension of children is usually secondary.Development of arterial hypertension at young age may have other causes:
- Genetic factors;
- Eat too much, use a large amount of salt;
- Weather conditions;
- The disease of the spine.
- Electromagnetic, sound radiation;
- excessive anxiety;
- Kidney disease;
- Take medicine affects blood pressure;
- overweight;
- Lack of potassium in the body.
- No interaction with sleep mode.
Reasons for the development of hypertension
The appearance of hypertension in 90 % of patients related to cardiovascular problems (atherosclerosis, heart attack, etc.).The remaining 10% is related to symptomatic hypertension, ie high blood pressure is a sign of another disease (kidney inflammation, adrenal gland tumor, narrowing of the kidney artery), hormonal failure, diabetes, traumatic brain and stress.Risk factors for hypertension development are classified in two indicators:
- Do not have.The reasons that a person cannot influence.This includes:
- Hereditary.Aortic hypertension is considered to be a disease through genes.Therefore, if a family has a patient with hypertension, it is likely that the disease will appear in the next generation.
- Physical factors.The average men are more likely to get sick than the more fair gender.This is explained by the fact that in the period from 20 to 50 years old, the body of a woman creates more sex hormones than performing the protective function.
- Changed.The factors depend on one person, his lifestyle and decision:
- Sedentary lifestyle;
- Excess weight;
- emphasize;
- bad habits;
- insomnia;
- The use of large amounts of caffeine, salt, cholesterol;
- take medicines;
- lift weights;
- Weather fluctuations.
Hereditary
One of the elements of arterial hypertension is genetic.These may be anatomical characteristics transmitted to the gene.They are expressed in the difficulty of blood flow, affecting hypertension.The presence of hypertension in relatives of the first link (mother, father, grandparents, native siblings) means high probability to develop this disease.The risk of disease increases if high pressure is observed at the same time in some relatives.
As a rule, hypertension itself is inherited, but only tends to it, this is due to neurological reactions and metabolic characteristics (carbohydrates, fat).Usually the implementation of genetic pathological trends is due to external influence: nutrition, living conditions, adverse climate factors.
Sick
Cardiovascular disease (heart disease, ischemia) can cause high blood pressure.For these diseases, the gaps of the aorta are partially narrowed - that means the pressure increases.Vascular defects in polyphony inflammation also contribute to the development of blood pressure.Diabetes is another cause of arterial hypertension.The presence of atherosclerotic plaques narrows the blood vessels, which is an obstacle to normal blood circulation.The heart begins to operate in advanced mode, creating increased pressure.The disease can cause hypertension:
- Nephritis;
- Pathology of lymphatic and liver system;
- cervical bone;
- Violation of pancreas and thyroid gland;
- sclerosis of arteries;
- Dystonia plant-blood;
- Adrenal tumor;
- Traumatic brain injury;
- Narrowing the kidney artery.
Hormonal changes
Violation of endocrinologists (thyroid, hypothalamus, pancreas, adrenal glands) is a frequent cause of high pressure.These pathological processes slow down the production of sex hormones and their effects on the brain of the appendages lower, especially for women during menopause.The serious cause of hypertension, contributing to overly synthesis of hormones, which are the following diseases:
- Kushing syndrome;
- Thyrotoxicosis (hyperthyroidism) - an increase in the functions of the thyroid gland;
- Neoplasms on the adrenal gland;
- Acromegaly (weakened pituitary function);
- Feochromocytoma (hormonal tumor);
- Kon syndrome.
Year old
Hypertension, as prescribed, is often more observed in the elderly.This is due to the fact that over time, the arteries lose their elasticity, and this greatly affects the pressure.In addition, in people after 40 years, the metabolic processes slow down, based on the consumption of large amounts of high food and inaccurate attitudes for food, obesity growth and then hypertension.
Today, a cause of the disease, such as age, has experienced changes.The disease is a remarkable young person, about 10% of teenagers suffer from pathology and, when they grow up, the percentage only increases.Each third resident after 40 years is under high pressure.Indeed, in addition to the natural decline of the body's resistance, the effects of genetics, lifestyle change with age.
Life
Another cause of arterial hypertension is lack of physical activity.Sports are beneficial for blood circulation and the whole body, but not many people decide to start a dynamic lifestyle to protect themselves from the development of hypertension.The lack of physical exercises that cause obesity and overweight and thus, hypertension.
Hypokinsesia is a common disease of our time, when a person moves less, and this leads to a violation of the work of blood vessels.Unfalted nutrition, bad habits, inappropriate lifestyle causes high blood pressure, because the weakness of muscle tissue and spine reduces the melody of the blood vessels needed for good blood circulation.Working at a computer also increases the risk of disease.
Nutrition
The next factor contributing to the appearance of high blood pressure is poor nutrition.Salt, sweet, fried, acute, smoked and fat foods often cause an increase in pressure.Indeed, to remove excess sodium from the body, the kidneys need a certain time.Until this does not happen, the residual part of the salt retains water, causing swelling in people with hypertension.
The lack of potassium can increase blood pressure.This factor helps relax blood vessels and body - without sodium.There are many potassium in tomatoes, dairy products, cocoa, potatoes, legumes, parsley, plums, melon, bananas, green vegetables, sunflower seeds.These products should be included in the daily diet.It is necessary to refuse fat, fat and smoked meat, because they lead to excess weight and often accompanied by high pressure.In addition, such food products are harmful to the body:
- butter;
- canned food;
- cryptocurrency amount;
- Fat sour cream, cream;
- sharp spices;
- powder products;
- drinks with tonic with caffeine;
- Sweet Soda drinks.
Bad habits
A high dosage of alcohol and hangover caused by this hangover negatively affects the health status.Drinking alcohol often and excess can enhance heart rate, strong hypertension, causing heart attack.Smoking also does not affect pressure.Nicotine contributes to increased pulse, rapid tearing of the heart, leading to the development of coronary artery disease and atherosclerosis.
Tobacco and alcohol have a negative effect on all creatures.When smoking and drinking alcohol, the expansion occurs first, and then sharply reduces blood vessels, so their spasms are created and the bloodstream worsens.Hence the hypertension.In addition, chemicals are part of tobacco that can violate the elasticity of the walls of blood vessels, forming arrays that clog the arteries.
Excess weight
A common cause of hypertension is obesity and excess body weight.Excess weight occurs due to sedentary lifestyle, metabolic disorders, rich meals with fat content, carbohydrates, salt.Open people are always at risk, because their high blood pressure increases with the load on the vessels and the heart.
In addition, obesity increases blood cholesterol, which can cause the appearance of diabetes.Patients with 3 times more weight often have hypertension than those of normal body weight.A person with obesity is prone to atherosclerosis, this is an additional factor in the appearance of high blood pressure.Losing weight even 5 kg will significantly reduce blood pressure and improve blood sugar.
Ecological
Many people respond to the weather, which is the weather depends on the weather.Even a person is completely healthy, rarely in the fresh air and leading a sedentary lifestyle can be sensitive to changing the weather.As a rule, the expression of forces in people with hypertension appears in unusual climatic and landscape conditions, so before traveling, prepare a sugar kit.
The city's poor ecosystem also seriously increases blood pressure, harms the cardiovascular system and develops hypertension.Even the short effect of the harmful substances that a person inhales every day can cause the development of hypertension.Three common pollutants of all modern cities - nitrogen dioxide, ozone, sulfur dioxide - negative effects on blood pressure and vascular function.
Emphasize
Neurological emotional error (stress, nervous breakdown, excessive emotions) is the most common cause of severe blood pressure.For human health, any negative and depressed emotions are dangerous.A long -term stress experience is a constant stress that removes blood vessels and heart faster than this will occur in a calm atmosphere.The consequence of neurological collapse is often the increase in pressure and hypertension crisis.Stress combined with alcohol and smoking especially harmful, because such a combination of blood pressure.
As a rule, in a person with hypertension, the pressure increases and exists longer, even with mild emotional stress.Gradually, with the repetition of increased blood pressure, can last for months, the apparatus is responsible for adjusting the blood pressure with the load, and the blood pressure is slowly fixed to a certain extent.